What is the waterfall model? Explain prototyping model for developing information systems along with merits and demerits.

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Bipin Tiwari · Accepted Answer

Waterfall Model is a sequential model that divides software development into pre-defined phases. Each phase must be completed before the next phase can begin with no overlap between the phases. Each phase is designed for performing specific activity during the SDLC phase. It was introduced in 1970 by Winston Royce. The following illustration is a representation of the different phases of the Waterfall Model. The prototyping Model is a software development model in which a prototype is built, tested, and reworked until an acceptable prototype is achieved. It also creates a base to produce the final system or software. It works best in scenarios where the project’s requirements are not known in detail. It is an iterative, trial-and-error method that takes place between the developer and the client. Prototyping Model has following six SDLC phases as follow: Step 1: Requirements gathering and analysis: A prototyping model starts with requirement analysis. In this phase, the requirements of the system are defined in detail. During the process, the users of the system are interviewed to know what is their expectation from the system. Step 2: Quick design: The second phase is a preliminary design or a quick design. In this stage, a simple design of the system is created. However, it is not a complete design. It gives a brief idea of the system to the user. The quick design helps in developing the prototype. Step 3: Build a Prototype: In this phase, an actual prototype is designed based on the information gathered from quick design. It is a small working model of the required system. Step 4: Initial user evaluation: In this stage, the proposed system is presented to the client for an initial evaluation. It helps to find out the strength and weaknesses of the working model. Comments and suggestions are collected from the customer and provided to the developer. Step 5: Refining prototype: If the user is not happy with the current prototype, you need to refine the prototype according to the user’s feedback and suggestions. This phase will not be over until all the requirements specified by the user are met. Once the user is satisfied with the developed prototype, a final system is developed based on the approved final prototype. Step 6: Implement Product and Maintain: Once the final system is developed based on the final prototype, it is thoroughly tested and deployed to production. The system undergoes routine maintenance for minimizing downtime and prevents large-scale failures. Advantages of using the Prototype Model : This model is flexible in design. It is easy to detect errors. We can find missing functionality easily. There is a scope for refinement, which means new requirements can be easily accommodated. It can be reused by the developer for more complicated projects in the future. Disadvantages of using the Prototype Model : This model is costly. It has poor documentation because of continuously changing customer requirements. There may be too much variation in requirements. Customers sometimes demand the actual product to be delivered soon after seeing an early prototype.

What is the waterfall model? Explain the prototyping model for developing information systems along with merits and demerits.

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What is the waterfall model? Explain the prototyping model for developing information systems along with merits and demerits.

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