Define Expert System with example. What are stages of expert system development ?Explain.

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Bipin Tiwari · Accepted Answer

An expert system is AI software that uses knowledge stored in a knowledge base to solve problems that would usually require a human expert thus preserving a human expert’s knowledge in its knowledge base. They can advise users as well as provide explanations to them about how they reached a particular conclusion or advice. Knowledge Engineering is the term used to define the process of building an Expert System and its practitioners are called Knowledge Engineers. The primary role of a knowledge engineer is to make sure that the computer possesses all the knowledge required to solve a problem. The knowledge engineer must choose one or more forms in which to represent the required knowledge as a symbolic pattern in the memory of the computer. Example : There are many examples of an expert system. Some of them are given below – MYCIN – One of the earliest expert systems based on backward chaining. It can identify various bacteria that can cause severe infections and can also recommend drugs based on the person’s weight. DENDRAL – It was an artificial intelligence-based expert system used for chemical analysis. It used a substance’s spectrographic data to predict its molecular structure. R1/XCON – It could select specific software to generate a computer system wished by the user. PXDES – It could easily determine the type and the degree of lung cancer in a patient based on the data. CaDet – It is a clinical support system that could identify cancer in its early stages in patients. DXplain – It was also a clinical support system that could suggest a variety of diseases based on the findings of the doctor. Development of Expert Systems: General Steps The process of ES development is iterative. Steps in developing the ES include − Identify Problem Domain The problem must be suitable for an expert system to solve it. Find the experts in task domain for the ES project. Establish cost-effectiveness of the system. Design the System Identify the ES Technology Know and establish the degree of integration with the other systems and databases. Realize how the concepts can represent the domain knowledge best. Develop the Prototype From Knowledge Base: The knowledge engineer works to − Acquire domain knowledge from the expert. Represent it in the form of If-THEN-ELSE rules. Test and Refine the Prototype The knowledge engineer uses sample cases to test the prototype for any deficiencies in performance. End users test the prototypes of the ES. Develop and Complete the ES Test and ensure the interaction of the ES with all elements of its environment, including end users, databases, and other information systems. Document the ES project well. Train the user to use ES. Maintain the System Keep the knowledge base up-to-date by regular review and update. Cater for new interfaces with other information systems, as those systems evolve.

Define Expert System with example. What are stages of expert system development ?Explain.

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Define Expert System with example. What are stages of expert system development ?Explain.

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